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Qt - 锁屏界面加虚拟小键盘
阅读量：452 次
发布时间：2019-03-06

本文共 8427 字，大约阅读时间需要 28 分钟。

虚拟键盘与锁屏界面系统设计

一、实现效果

系统通过虚拟键盘实现密码输入功能。当用户点击“密码输入栏”，弹出虚拟键盘，输入锁屏密码后，点击虚拟键盘外部区域，虚拟键盘将隐藏。再次点击登录按钮，用户即可成功进入主界面。

二、虚拟键盘程序设计

虚拟键盘采用C++和Qt框架开发，支持单例模式，确保程序中只存在一个输入法实例对象。以下是相关实现细节：

2.1 frmNum.h
#ifndef FRMNUM_H#define FRMNUM_H#include 
   
    #include 
    
     #include 
     
      #include 
      
       #include 
       
        namespace Ui {    class frmNum;}class frmNum : public QWidget {    Q_OBJECTpublic:    explicit frmNum(QWidget *parent = nullptr);    ~frmNum();    static frmNum *Instance();    void Init(QString style, int fontSize);    bool eventFilter(QObject *obj, QEvent *event);protected:    bool focusChanged(QWidget *oldWidget, QWidget *nowWidget);private:    Ui::frmNum *ui;    static frmNum *_instance;    bool isPressBackBtn;    bool isFirst;    QPushButton *btnPress;    QTimer *backBtnTimert;    QWidget *currentWidget;    QLineEdit *currentLineEdit;    QString currentEditType;    QString currentStyle;    int currentFontSize;    bool checkPress();    void ChangeStyle(QString currentStyle);    void insertValue(QString value);    void deleteValue();    void clearValue();};#endif // FRMNUM_H
2.2 frmNum.cpp
#include "frmnum.h"#include "ui_frmnum.h"#include 
   
    #include 
    
     namespace Ui {    class frmNum;}frmNum *frmNum::_instance = nullptr;frmNum::frmNum(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent) {    ui = new Ui::frmNum;    ui->setupUi(this);    Init("black", 20);    ui->btnClear->setFocus();    ui->btnClear->setShortcut(QKeySequence::InsertParagraphSeparator);    ui->btnClear->setShortcut(Qt::Key_Enter);    ui->btnClear->setShortcut(Qt::Key_Return);}~frmNum() {    delete ui;}void frmNum::Init(QString style, int fontSize) {    this->setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint | Qt::Tool | Qt::WindowStaysOnTopHint);    isFirst = true;    isPressBackBtn = false;    backBtnTimert = new QTimer(this);    connect(backBtnTimert, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(reClicked()));    currentWidget = nullptr;    this->currentFontSize = fontSize;    ChangeStyle(style);    ui->btn0->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn1->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn2->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn3->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn4->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn5->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn6->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn7->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn8->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btn9->setProperty("btnNum", true);    ui->btnDelete->setProperty("btnOther", true);    QList
     
       btnList = this->findChildren
      
       ();    foreach (QPushButton *btn, btnList) {        connect(btn, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(btn_clicked()));    }    connect(qApp, SIGNAL(focusChanged(QWidget *, QWidget *)), this, SLOT(focusChanged(QWidget *, QWidget *)));    qApp->installEventFilter(this);}void frmNum::focusChanged(QWidget *oldWidget, QWidget *nowWidget) {    if (nowWidget != nullptr && !this->isAncestorOf(nowWidget)) {        if (oldWidget == nullptr && !isFirst) {            return;        }        isFirst = false;        if (nowWidget->inherits("QLineEdit")) {            currentLineEdit = dynamic_cast
       
        (nowWidget);            currentEditType = "QLineEdit";            this->setVisible(true);        } else {            currentWidget = nullptr;            currentLineEdit = nullptr;            currentEditType = "";            this->setVisible(false);        }        QRect rect = nowWidget->rect();        QPoint pos = nowWidget->mapToGlobal(rect.left(), rect.bottom() + 2);        this->setGeometry(pos.x(), pos.y(), this->width(), this->height());    }    Q_UNUSED(oldWidget);}bool frmNum::eventFilter(QObject *obj, QEvent *event) {    if (event->type() == QEvent::MouseButtonPress) {        if (currentEditType == "QLineEdit") {            if (obj != ui->btnClear) {                this->setVisible(true);            }            btnPress = dynamic_cast
        
         (obj); if (checkPress()) { isPressBackBtn = true; backBtnTimert->start(500); } } return false; } else if (event->type() == QEvent::MouseButtonRelease) { btnPress = dynamic_cast
         
          (obj); if (checkPress()) { isPressBackBtn = false; backBtnTimert->stop(); } return false; } return QWidget::eventFilter(obj, event);}bool frmNum::checkPress() { return btnPress->property("btnNum").toBool() || btnPress->property("btnOther").toBool();}void frmNum::reClicked() { if (isPressBackBtn) { backBtnTimert->setInterval(30); btnPress->click(); }}void frmNum::btn_clicked() { if (currentEditType == "") { return; } QPushButton *btn = dynamic_cast
          
           (sender()); QString objectName = btn->objectName(); if (objectName == "btnDelete") { deleteValue(); } else if (objectName == "btnClear") { clearValue(); } else { QString value = btn->text(); insertValue(value); }}void frmNum::insertValue(QString value) { if (currentEditType == "QLineEdit") { currentLineEdit->insert(value); }}void frmNum::deleteValue() { if (currentEditType == "QLineEdit") { currentLineEdit->backspace(); }}void frmNum::clearValue() { if (currentEditType == "QLineEdit") { currentLineEdit->clear(); }}void frmNum::ChangeStyle(QString currentStyle) { if (currentStyle == "blue") { changeStyle("#DEF0FE", "#C0DEF6", "#C0DCF2", "#386487"); } else if (currentStyle == "gray") { changeStyle("#E4E4E4", "#A2A2A2", "#A9A9A9", "#000000"); } else if (currentStyle == "lightgray") { changeStyle("#EEEEEE", "#E5E5E5", "#D4D0C8", "#6F6F6F"); } else { changeStyle("#4D4D4D", "#292929", "#D9D9D9", "#CACAD0"); }}void frmNum::changeStyle(QString topColor, QString bottomColor, QString borderColor, QString textColor) { QStringList qss; qss.append(QString("QWidget#frmNum{background:qlineargradient(spread:pad,x1:0,y1:0,x2:0,y2:1,stop:0 %1,stop:1 %2);}") .arg(topColor).arg(bottomColor)); qss.append("QPushButton{padding:5px;border-radius:3px;}"); qss.append(QString("QPushButton:hover{background:qlineargradient(spread:pad,x1:0,y1:0,x2:0,y2:1,stop:0 %1,stop:1 %2;}") .arg(topColor).arg(bottomColor)); qss.append(QString("QLabel,QPushButton{font-size:%1pt;color:%2;}") .arg(currentFontSize).arg(textColor)); qss.append(QString("QPushButton#btnPre,QPushButton#btnNext,QPushButton#btnClose{padding:5px;}"); qss.append(QString("QPushButton{border:1px solid %1;}") .arg(borderColor)); qss.append(QString("QLineEdit{border:1px solid %1;border-radius:5px;padding:2px;background:none;selection-background-color:%2;selection-color:%3;}") .arg(borderColor).arg(bottomColor).arg(topColor)); this->setStyleSheet(qss.join(""));}
2.3 frmNum.ui

虚拟键盘界面由多个按钮组成，支持数字输入和特殊功能键，美观且易于使用。

三、锁屏界面程序设计

锁屏界面采用QDialog实现，以下是相关实现细节：

3.1 lockWin.h
#ifndef LOCKWIN_H#define LOCKWIN_H#include 
   
    #include 
    
     #include 
     
      #include <_frmnum.h>#define PASSWD "123456"namespace Ui {    class LoginWin;}class LockWin : public QDialog {    Q_OBJECTpublic:    explicit LockWin(QWidget *parent = nullptr);    ~LockWin();private:    Ui::LoginWin *ui;    bool eventFilter(QObject *watched, QEvent *event);    frmNum *myFrmnum;};#endif // LOCKWIN_H
3.2 lockWin.cpp
#include "lockWin.h"#include "ui_loginwin.h"LockWin::LockWin(QWidget *parent) : QDialog(parent) {    ui = new Ui::LoginWin;    ui->setupUi(this);    this->setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint | Qt::Tool | Qt::WindowStaysOnTopHint);    this->setWindowModality(Qt::WindowModal);    ui->lineEdit->installEventFilter(this);    QValidator *accountValidator = new QRegExpValidator(QRegExp("[0-9]{6}"));    ui->lineEdit->setValidator(accountValidator);    myFrmnum = new frmNum(this);}~LockWin() {    delete ui;}bool LockWin::eventFilter(QObject *watched, QEvent *event) {    if (watched == ui->lineEdit) {        if (event->type() == QEvent::FocusIn) {            if (ui->lineEdit->echoMode() == QLineEdit::Normal) {                ui->lineEdit->clear();            }            ui->lineEdit->setEchoMode(QLineEdit::Password);        }    }    return QWidget::eventFilter(watched, event);}void LockWin::on_cancelButton_clicked() {    ui->lineEdit->clear();}void LockWin::on_loginButton_clicked() {    if (ui->lineEdit->text() == PASSWD) {        this->close();    } else if (ui->lineEdit->text().isEmpty()) {        ui->infoLabel->setText("输入密码不能为空！");    } else if (ui->lineEdit->text().length() < 6) {        ui->infoLabel->setText("输入密码不足6位！");        ui->lineEdit->clear();    } else {        ui->infoLabel->setText("密码错误，请重新输入");        ui->lineEdit->clear();    }}
3.3 lockWin.ui

锁屏界面由一个QLineEdit和一个QLabel组成，支持密码输入和错误提示。

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